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Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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  1. Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure

The Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII)1 radio band, as defined by the United States Federal Communications Commission, is part of the radio frequency spectrum used by WLAN devices and by many wireless ISPs.

As of March 2021, U-NII consists of eight ranges. U-NII 1 through 4 are for 5 GHz WLAN (802.11a and newer), and 5 through 8 are for 6 GHz WLAN (802.11ax) use. U-NII 2 is further divided into three subsections.

U-NII bands and FCC regs
NameAliasesFreq. Range (GHz)Bandwidth (MHz)Max Power (mW)Max EIRP (mW)
U-NII-1U-NII Low / U-NII Indoor5.150–5.25010050200
U-NII-2AU-NII Mid5.250–5.3501002501,000
U-NII-2B5.350–5.470120——
U-NII-2CU-NII Worldwide / U-NII-2-Extended / U-NII-2e
5.470–5.725
255
250
1,000
U-NII-3U-NII Upper5.725-5.8501251,0004,000
U-NII-4DSRC/ITS5.850–5.92575——
U-NII-55.925–6.425500——
U-NII-66.425–6.525100——
U-NII-76.525–6.875350——
U-NII-86.875–7.125250——

Wireless ISPs generally use 5.725–5.825 GHz.
In the USA licensed amateur radio operators are authorized 5.650–5.925 GHz by Part 97.303 of the FCC rules.

U-NII power limits are defined by the United States CFR Title 47 (Telecommunication), Part 15 - Radio Frequency Devices, Subpart E - Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure Devices, Paragraph 15.407 - General technical requirements.

Many other countries use similar bands for Wireless communication due to a shared IEEE standard. However, regulatory use in individual countries may differ.

The defunct European HiperLAN standard operates in same frequency band as the U-NII.

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Contents
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  • 5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax)
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Contents
Contents6 sections
  • (Top)
  • 5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax)
  • See also
  • References
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Study aids for Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure

Terminology

U-NII
The Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) radio band, as defined by the United States Federal Communications Commission, is part of the radio frequency spectrum used by WLAN devices and by many wireless ISPs.

Terms the article defines in bold, quoted in context.

Categories:
  • Bandplans
  • Microwave bands

540 words · 19 references · revision 1381686751 · CC BY-SA 4.0

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Key concepts

  • Radio band1
  • Federal Communications Commission1
  • Radio frequency spectrum1
  • WLAN1
  • Wireless Internet service provider1
  • 802.11a1
  • 802.11ax1
  • Amateur radio1
  • Code of Federal Regulations1
  • HiperLAN1

The articles this one links to most, weighted towards the introduction.

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5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax)

Except where noted, all information taken from Annex J of IEEE 802.11-2007 modified by amendments k, y and n. Because countries set their own regulations regarding specific uses and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges, it is recommended that local authorities are consulted as regulations may change at any time.

It operates over four ranges:

  • U-NII Low (U-NII-12): 5.150–5.250 GHz. Originally limited to indoor use only. Regulations required use of an integrated antenna, with power limited to 50 mW.3 Rules changed in 2014 to permit outdoor operation, maximum fixed power 1 watt, maximum fixed EIRP 4 watts (+36 dBm) point-to-multipoint, 200 watts (+53 dBm) point-to-point. [4] However, strict out-of-band emission rules limit practical point-to-point power to lower levels.
  • U-NII Mid (U-NII-2A2): 5.250–5.350 GHz. Both outdoor and indoor use, subject to Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS, or radar avoidance). Regulations allow for a user-installable antenna.4 Power limited to 250 mW.3
  • U-NII-2B: 5.350–5.470 GHz. Currently 120 MHz of spectrum not allocated by the FCC for unlicensed use.
  • U-NII Worldwide (U-NII-2C / U-NII-2e): 5.470–5.725 GHz. Both outdoor and indoor use, subject to Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS, or radar avoidance).4 Power limited to 250 mW.3 This spectrum was added by the FCC in 2003 to "align the frequency bands used by U-NII devices in the United States with bands in other parts of the world".4 The FCC currently has an interim limitation on operations on channels which overlap the 5600–5650 MHz band.5
  • U-NII Upper (U-NII-36): 5.725–5.850 GHz. Sometimes referred to as U-NII / ISM due to overlap with the ISM band. Regulations allow for a user-installable antenna. Power limited to 1W in the United States3 and 25mW in European Union.7
  • DSRC/ITS (U-NII-48): 5.850–5.925 GHz. At present U-NII-4 spectrum is being considered by the FCC for unlicensed use. U-NII-4 is presently only usable for Dedicated Short Range Communications Service (DSRC) and licensed amateur radio operators.

In 2007, the FCC began requiring that devices operating in channels 52, 56, 60 and 64 must have Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) capabilities. This is to avoid communicating in the same frequency range as some radar. In 2014, the FCC issued new rules9 for all devices due to interference with government weather radar systems. Fines and equipment seizure were listed as punishment for non-compliance.

BandChannelFrequency
(MHz)		United StatesEuropeJapanSingaporeChinaIsraelKoreaTurkeyIndiaUnited Kingdom
40/20 MHz1040/20 MHz40/20 MHz1110 MHz20 MHz20 MHz20 MHz1220 MHz1320 MHz40/20 MHz 145/10 MHz1580/40/20 MHz16
1834915NoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo
1844920NoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo
1854925NoNoNoYes

See also

  • List of WLAN channels § 5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax)
  • Part 15 (FCC rules)
  • ISM band
  • 802.11

References

  1. 1"15.07.2005, Heise: 5 GHz WLAN to be available all over Europe" www.heise.de Archived 2005-08-07 at the Wayback Machine
  2. 2""Dynamic Frequency Selection for 5 GHz WLAN in the US and Canada" www.cisco.com".
  3. 3"FCC 15.407 as of October 1, 2014 - hallikainen.com". www.hallikainen.com.
  4. 4"FCC-03-287A1.doc" (PDF).
  5. 5""15E, Dynamic Frequency Selection, DFS, DFS Approval" fcc.gov".
  6. 6"What's New With Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII)" (PDF).
  7. 7"Tableau national de répartition des bandes de fréquences" (PDF). EU/ANFR. January 10, 2019.

External links

  • In the USA, CFR Title 47 Part 15 (revised in 2005) describes the regulation of the U-NII bands.
  • The FCC's U-NII regulations for 5 GHz wireless operation in the USA.
  • RadioElectronics' article on Wi-Fi / WLAN Channels, Frequencies, Bands & Bandwidths
  • Air802's article with tables of data on FCC Rules and Regulations which specifies frequencies and channels.
  • Government of India NATIONAL FREQUENCY ALLOCATION PLAN-2011 [5]
  • Government of India NATIONAL FREQUENCY ALLOCATE TABLE (Latest) [6]
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
1874935NoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo
1884940NoNoYesYesNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo
1894945NoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesNo
1924960NoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo
1964980NoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesNo
75035NoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
85040NoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
95045NoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
115055NoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
125060NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
165080NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
U-NII-1345170NoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNo
365180YesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYes
385190NoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNo
405200YesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYes
425210NoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNo
445220YesYesYesNoYesNoYesYesYesYesYesYes
465230NoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesNo
485240YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYes
U-NII-2A525260YesYesYesNoNoNoYesNoNoNoNoYes
565280YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYes
605300YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYes
645320YesYesYesNoNoNoYesYesYesYesYesYes
U-NII-2B5350–5470NoUnknownNo
U-NII-2C1005500Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1045520Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1085540Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1125560Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1165580Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1205600No18YesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1245620NoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1285640NoYesYesNoNoNoNoYesNoYesYesYes
1325660Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYes
1365680Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYesYes
1405700Yes17YesYesNoNoNoNoNoNoNoYesYes
U-NII-31495745YesYes7NoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYes
1535765YesYes7NoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYes
1575785YesYes7NoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYes
1615805YesYes7NoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYes
1655825YesYes7NoNoYesYesNoYesYesYesYesYes
U-NII-4191695845NoUnknownNoYesNo
1735865NoUnknownNoYesNo
1775885NoUnknownNoYesNo
1815905NoUnknownNoYesNo
1855925
(proposed expansion)		NoUnknownNoYesNo
BandChannelFrequency
(MHz)		40/20 MHz40/20 MHz40/20 MHz10 MHz20 MHz20 MHz20 MHz20 MHz20 MHz40/20 MHz5/10 MHz80/40/20 MHz
United StatesEuropeJapanSingaporeChinaIsraelKoreaTurkeyIndiaUnited Kingdom
8
"Driving Wi-Fi Ahead: the Upper 5 GHz Band". 23 February 2015.
  • 9"5 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum (UNII)". 12 December 2015.
  • 10FCC 15.407 as of August 8, 2008 – hallikainen.com Archived July 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  • 11"802.11-2007 Japan MIC Released the new 5 GHz band (W56)" (PDF). Bureau Veritas — ADT. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-10. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
  • 12Israel: צו הטלגרף האלחוטי (אי תחולת הפקודה) (מס' 2), התשס"ו – 2005 (PDF) (in Hebrew).
  • 13Korea Frequency Distribution Table 2008.12.31 (in Korean)
  • 14[1] Gazette notification - Wireless Planning and Coordination Wing - New Delhi, the 18th October, 2018
  • 15[2] India frequency allocation table
  • 16[3] Ofcom Decision to make Wireless Telegraphy Exemption Regulations 2017
  • 17"Publication Number: 443999 Rule Parts: 15E". FCC. October 5, 2009. “Devices must be professionally installed when operating in the 5470 – 5725 MHz band”
  • 18"Elimination of interference to Terminal Doppler Weather Radar" (PDF). FCC. July 27, 2010.
  • 19"(see page 9) Sharing the 5.9 GHz Band Between Unlicensed Devices and DSRC" (PDF).
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    Go deeper: linked from this article

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