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Cmin

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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  1. Cmin

Cmin is a term used in pharmacokinetics for the minimum blood plasma concentration reached by a drug during a dosing interval, which is the time interval between administration of two doses. This definition is slightly different from Ctrough, the concentration immediately prior to administration of the next dose.1 Cmin is the opposite of Cmax, the maximum concentration that the drug reaches. Cmin must be above certain thresholds, such as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), to achieve a therapeutic effect.2

Not to be confused with C minor.

In most cases Cmin is directly measurable. At steady state the minimum plasma concentration can also be calculated using the following equation:3

S = Salt factor
F = Bioavailability
D = Dose
ke = Elimination rate constant
ka =
Absorption rate constant
Vd = Volume of distribution
τ = Dosing interval

Cmin is also an important parameter in bioavailability and bioequivalence studies, it is part of the pharmacokinetic information recommended for submission of investigational new drug applications.4

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References

  1. 1Weimann HJ, Cawello W, Brett M, Zimmermann H, Pabst G, Sierakowski B, et al. (1999). "Drug concentrations and directly derived parameters". Parameters for Compartment Free Pharmacokinetics: Standardisation of Study Design, Data Analysis and Reporting. Aachen, Germany: Shaker-Verlag. pp. 25–40. ISBN 978-3-8265-4767-6. OCLC 44511664. (pages 31–34 in 2003 edition)
  2. 2Dalton BR (February 2023). "What Is the Best Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Parameter to Assess Efficacy? A Critical Review of Experimental Data and Assessment of the Need for Individual Patient Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Value". Microorganisms. 11 (3): 567. doi:10.3390/microorganisms11030567. PMC 10051726. PMID 36985141.
  3. 3Dhillon S, Gill K (2006). "Basic pharmacokinetics". Clinical pharmacokinetics (PDF). Pharmaceutical Press. pp. 1–44. ISBN 9780853695714. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2018.
  4. 4"Bioavailability and Bioequivalence, Studies for Orally Administered Drug Products — General Considerations" (PDF). Guidance for Industry. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration. March 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2013.
Categories:
  • Pharmacokinetic metrics
  • Pharmacology stubs

163 words · 4 references · revision 1355374392 · CC BY-SA 4.0

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Key concepts

  • Bioavailability2
  • Pharmacokinetic1
  • Blood plasma1
  • Dose (biochemistry)1
  • Ctrough1
  • CMax1
  • Minimum inhibitory concentration1
  • Therapeutic effect1
  • Elimination rate constant1
  • Absorption rate constant1

The articles this one links to most, weighted towards the introduction.

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Created
27 May 2009
History
43 edits
30 contributors
No edits in the last 30 days
Last edited
21 May 2026

43 revisions in total · 30 contributors

  1. 21 May 2026, 13:34 UTCBlaqWiedowFixed spelling of citation parameter+1diff
  2. 8 May 2026, 19:29 UTCMartinPoultermore citation details+31diff
  3. 8 May 2026, 19:24 UTCMartinPoultermwhitespace−3diff
  4. 21 Apr 2026, 00:58 UTCWiki-osbmAdded disambiguation for "C minor"+23diff
  5. 19 Nov 2025, 10:24 UTCAnomieBOTmDating maintenance tags: {{Bare URL PDF}}+19diff
  6. 19 Nov 2025, 10:03 UTCBoghogconsistent citation formatting; templated cites+509diff
  7. 29 May 2025, 20:23 UTCGreenC botRescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#fda.gov0diff
  8. 22 May 2025, 09:08 UTCAnomieBOTmSubsting templates: {{Permanent dead link}}. See User:AnomieBOT/docs/TemplateSubster for info.+15diff

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Created
27 May 2009
History
43 edits
30 contributors
No edits in the last 30 days
Last edited
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Go deeper: linked from this article

  • Linked from the introduction

    Pharmacokinetics

    Branch of pharmacology that studies how an organism affects a drug

    Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon 'drug' and kinetikos 'moving, putting in motion'; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to describing how the body affects a specific substance after administration.

    15 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Bioavailability

    Pharmacological measurement

    In pharmacology, bioavailability is a subcategory of absorption and is the fraction (%) of an administered drug that reaches the systemic circulation.

    7 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Blood plasma

    Liquid component of blood

    Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension.

    12 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Volume of distribution

    Theoretical drug measure in pharmacology

    In pharmacology, the volume of distribution (VD, also known as apparent volume of distribution or volume of dilution) is the theoretical volume that would be necessary to contain the total amount of…

    2 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Minimum inhibitory concentration

    Concentration of chemical that stops bacterial growth

    In microbiology, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of a chemical, usually a drug, which prevents visible in vitro growth of bacteria or fungi.

    6 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Dose (biochemistry)

    Measured quantity of a medicine, nutrient, or pathogen which is delivered as a unit

    A dose is the quantity of a medication, nutrient, or pathogen to be given at one time, or the total quantity of a medication administered during a specified period of time.

    9 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Bioequivalence

    Similarity between preparations of a drug

    Bioequivalence is a term in pharmacokinetics used to assess the expected in vivo biological equivalence of two proprietary preparations of a drug.

    8 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Elimination rate constant

    The elimination rate constant K or Ke is a value used in pharmacokinetics to describe the rate at which a drug is removed from the human system. It is often abbreviated K or Ke.

    1 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Therapeutic effect

    Beneficial change in medical condition, often caused by a drug

    Therapeutic effect refers to the response(s) after a treatment of any kind, the results of which are judged to be useful or favorable.

    3 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Investigational New Drug

    USFDA program and procedures

    The United States Food and Drug Administration's Investigational New Drug (IND) program is the means by which a pharmaceutical company obtains permission to start human clinical trials and to ship an…

    3 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Cmax (pharmacology)

    Peak concentration of a drug in a body compartment

    Cmax is the maximum (or peak) serum concentration that a drug achieves in a specified compartment or test area of the body after the drug has been administered and before the administration of a second dose.

    1 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Absorption rate constant

    Rate at which a drug enters a system

    The absorption rate constant Ka is a value used in pharmacokinetics to describe the rate at which a drug enters into the system. It is expressed in units of time−1.

    1 min readGo deeper

  • Linked from the introduction

    Trough level

    Concentration of a drug in the blood before the next dose is administered

    In medicine and pharmacology, a trough level or trough concentration (Ctrough) is the concentration reached by a drug immediately before the next dose is administered, often used in therapeutic drug monitoring.

    1 min readGo deeper