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Perineurium

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  1. Perineurium
Perineurium
Sheath around nerve fasciculi
TA98A14.2.00.015
TA26156
FMA52585

The perineurium is a protective sheath that surrounds a nerve fascicle.1 This layer bundles together the axons targeting the same anatomical location.1 The perineurium is composed of fibroblasts.2

In the peripheral nervous system, the myelin sheath of each axon in a nerve is wrapped in a delicate protective sheath known as the endoneurium. Fascicles, bundles of , are surrounded by the perineurium. Several fascicles may be in turn bundled along with and within yet another sheath, the . This grouping structure is analogous to the muscular organization system of , and .

neurons
blood supply
fatty tissue
epineurium
epimysium
perimysium
endomysium

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Where Perineurium leads. Every connection below has a source: a link in this article, a shared Wikipedia category, or CirrusSearch text similarity. Articles already on your trail are left out.

Created
21 Sept 2006
History
69 edits
44 contributors
No edits in the last 30 days
Last edited
23 Jun 2026

69 revisions in total · 44 contributors

  1. 23 Jun 2026, 04:18 UTCCitationCleanerBotmclean up of :Category:CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN, see Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/CitationCleanerBot 7+1diff
  2. 15 Apr 2026, 12:54 UTCVSankeerthSai1609mNo edit summary+49diff
  3. 27 Jul 2025, 03:52 UTCAnonymous contributor§ See also WP:NOTSEEAGAIN−56diff
  4. 29 Jun 2025, 07:51 UTCToadspikem§ Structure grammar+2diff
  5. 23 May 2025, 23:26 UTCOAbotmOpen access bot: url-access updated in citation with #oabot.+24diff
  6. 17 Aug 2024, 19:43 UTCJEHm§ Clinical importance fix typo: they -> there+1diff
  7. 7 Oct 2022, 22:57 UTCMe, Myself, and I are Herem§ Clinical Importance cap0diff
  8. 5 Jan 2022, 07:24 UTCCrafterNovaChanging short description from "Sheath around nerve bundles" to "Sheath around nerve fasciculi" (Shortdesc helper)+2diff

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Contents
  • (Top)
  • Structure
  • Clinical importance
  • See also
  • References
  • External links
  • Recent changes
  • Rabbit hole
Contents
Contents7 sections
  • (Top)
  • Structure
  • Clinical importance
  • See also
  • References
  • External links
  • Recent changes
  • Rabbit hole
General
  • Recent changes
  • Related articles
  • Random discovery
This article
Reading time
1 min
Topic
Biology
Quality
C-class
Views
153 in 14 days
Created
21 Sept 2006
History
69 edits
44 contributors
No edits in the last 30 days
Last edited
23 Jun 2026

Key concepts

  • Nerve fascicle1
  • Axon1
  • Fibroblast1
  • Peripheral nervous system1
  • Myelin1
  • Endoneurium1
  • Neuron1
  • Blood supply1
  • Fatty tissue1
  • Epineurium1

The articles this one links to most, weighted towards the introduction.

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Structure

The perineurium is composed of connective tissue, which has a distinctly lamellar arrangement consisting of one to several concentric layers. The perineurium is composed of perineurial cells, which are epithelioid myofibroblasts. Perineurial cells are sometimes referred to as myoepithelioid due to their epithelioid and myofibroblastoid properties including tight junctions, gap junctions, external laminae and contractility. The tight junctions provide a selective barrier to chemical substances.

The perineurium is a smooth, transparent tubular membrane which may be easily separated from the fibers it encloses. In contrast, the epineurium is a tough and mechanically resistant tissue which is not easily penetrated by a needle.

Clinical importance

The perineurium, as the epineurium, has a clinical importance following a trauma, like a fracture. A sort of lesion called axonotmesis3 can happen, where the axon of the nerve is damaged while the integrity of the perineurium and epineurium is preserved. In that case, there will be a loss of neural transmission which will be causing a diminished response in the distal part of the nerve. The axon will be able to regenerate itself at a rate of 3 cm per month, generally indicating a return to a physiological state in roughly three months.

See also

  • Connective tissue in the peripheral nervous system
  • Wallerian degeneration
  • Perimysium

References

  1. 1McCracken, Thomas (1999). New Atlas of Human Anatomy. China: Metro Books. pp. 96–97. ISBN 1-5866-3097-0.
  2. 2Weerasuriya, ANANDA (2005-01-01), "Chapter 29 - Blood-Nerve Interface and Endoneurial Homeostasis", in Dyck, Peter J.; Thomas, P. K. (eds.), Peripheral Neuropathy (Fourth Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 651–665, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-9491-7.50032-6, ISBN 978-0-7216-9491-7, retrieved 2020-11-18
  3. 3Netter, Frank. Netter's Orthopaedics.

External links

  • Histology image: 1_03 at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center - "Peripheral nerve"
  • Anatomy photo: nervous/pns/nerve1/nerve2 - Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis - "PNS, nerve (LM, Low)"
  • Histology image: 21401loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University
  • Diagram at Howard
  • Histology at ucla.edu
Categories:
  • Neurohistology

293 words · 3 references · revision 1360717128 · CC BY-SA 4.0

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