In telecommunication and data transmission, serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. This is in contrast to parallel communication, where several bits are sent as a whole, on a link with several parallel channels.

Serial communication is used for all long-haul communication and most , where the cost of and difficulty of make parallel communication impractical. Serial computer buses have become more common even at shorter distances, as improved and in newer serial technologies have begun to outweigh the parallel bus's advantage of simplicity (no need for serializer and deserializer, or ) and to outstrip its disadvantages (, interconnect density). The migration from to (PCIe) is an example.

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High-Level Data Link Control
Communications protocol
High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a communication protocol used for transmitting data between devices in telecommunication and networking.
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Telecommunications
Transmission of information electromagnetically
Telecommunication, often used in its plural form or abbreviated as telecom, is the transmission of information over a distance using electrical or electronic means, typically through cables, radio waves, or other communication technologies.
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Sequence
Finite or infinite ordered list of elements
In mathematics, a sequence is a collection of objects possibly with repetition, that come in a specified order. Like a set, it contains members (also called elements, or terms).
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Serial Peripheral Interface
Synchronous serial communication interface
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a de facto standard (with many variants) for synchronous serial communication, used primarily in embedded systems for short-distance wired communication between integrated circuits.
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Signal modulation
Process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform
Signal modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform in electronics and telecommunication for the purpose of transmitting information.
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Peripheral Component Interconnect
Local computer bus for attaching hardware devices
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) is a local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer and is part of the PCI Local Bus standard.
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Asynchronous serial communication
Form of serial communication lacking synchronization control signals
Asynchronous serial communication is a form of serial communication in which the communicating endpoints' interfaces are not continuously synchronized by a common clock signal.
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PCI Express
Computer expansion bus standard
PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express), officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a high-speed standard used to connect hardware components inside computers.
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Code
System of rules to convert information into another form or representation
In communications and information processing, a code is a system of rules to convert information—such as a letter, word, sound, image, or gesture—into another form, sometimes shortened or secret, for communication through a communication channel or storage in a storage medium.
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Long-haul communications
In telecommunications, the term long-haul communications has the following meanings: 1.
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MIL-STD-188
Series of U.S. military standards relating to telecommunications
MIL-STD-188 is a series of U.S. military standards relating to telecommunications.
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Data
Unit of information
Data (DAY-tə, US also DAT-ə) is a collection of discrete or continuous values that conveys information, describing the quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted formally.
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Symbol rate
Rate of modulation of a digital signal
In a digitally modulated signal or a line code, symbol rate, modulation rate or baud rate is the number of symbol changes, waveform changes, or signaling events across the transmission medium per unit of time.
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Synchronization
Coordination of events to operate a system in unison
Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. For example, the conductor of an orchestra keeps the orchestra synchronized or in time.
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Cables

Serial buses

Serial versus parallel

Examples of architectures

See also

References

External links

Recent changes

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Key concepts

Cables

Serial buses

Serial versus parallel

Examples of architectures

See also

References

External links

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