A simulation is an imitative representation of a process or system that could exist in the real world.123 In this broad sense, simulation can often be used interchangeably with model.2 Sometimes a clear distinction between the two terms is made, in which simulations require the use of models; the model represents the key characteristics or behaviors of the selected system or process, whereas the simulation represents the evolution of the model over time.3 Another way to distinguish between the terms is to define simulation as experimentation with the help of a model.4 This definition includes time-independent simulations. Often, computers are used to execute the simulation.
Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see Simulation (disambiguation), Simulator (disambiguation), and Simulate (company). Not to be confused with Stimulation or Emulation (computing).
Simulation is used in many contexts, such as simulation of technology for performance tuning or optimizing, safety engineering, testing, training, education, and video games. Simulation is also used with of natural systems or human systems to gain insight into their functioning, as in economics. Simulation can be used to show the eventual real effects of alternative conditions and courses of action. Simulation is also used when the real system cannot be engaged, because it may not be accessible, or it may be dangerous or unacceptable to engage, or it is being designed but not yet built, or it may simply not exist.