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Spectrogram

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Physics
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Last edited
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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  1. Spectrogram
Spectrogram
Visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies of a signal as it varies with time

A spectrogram is a visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies of a signal as it varies with time. When applied to an audio signal, spectrograms are sometimes called sonographs, voiceprints, or voicegrams. When the data are represented in a 3D plot they may be called waterfall displays.

For the scientific instrument, see Optical spectrograph.

A 3D spectrogram: The RF spectrum of a battery charger is shown over time

Spectrograms are used extensively in the fields of music, linguistics, sonar, , , , , and others. Spectrograms of audio can be used to identify spoken words , and to analyse the .

Last edited
18 Oct 2026
radar
speech processing
1
seismology
ornithology
phonetically
various calls of animals

A spectrogram can be generated by an optical spectrometer, a bank of band-pass filters, by Fourier transform or by a wavelet transform (in which case it is also known as a scaleogram or scalogram).2

Scaleograms from the DWT and CWT for an audio sample

A spectrogram is usually depicted as a heat map, i.e., as an image with the intensity shown by varying the colour or brightness.

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